Petrunin, N. Arndt, … and Y. Linking mantle plumes, large igneous provinces and environmental catastrophes. Nature Large igneous provinces and mass extinctions.
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This was just the beginning. In the months that followed, European weather went haywire. In Germany, it rained so heavily that corpses surfaced in cemeteries. In the town of Thorn, Poland, the inhabitants took to travelling the streets by boat.
In the unrelenting rain, the castle cellars of Teutonic knights were flooded and whole villages were swept away. Four years later, Europe was hit by a mini ice age. Fish froze in their ponds.
In Bologna, Italy, heavy snow forced locals to travel with their horses and carriages along the frozen waterways. Many thousands of miles away in the tropics, a giant volcano was making geological history.
This was an eruption so big, it produced an ash cloud which enveloped the Earth and led to the coolest decade for centuries. The blast itself would have been heard up to 2,km 1, miles away and created a tsunami which caused devastation hundreds of kilometres away. In terms of scale, it surpassed even the eruption of Tambora, which unleashed energy equivalent to 2. Traces of the eruption have been found from Antarctica to Greenland.
There it was locked into the ice, forming part of a natural record of geological activity that spans millennia. But establishing its existence is the easy part. This is a true geological mystery, one which has left geologists scratching their heads for decades.
It all began with a rumour and a coral-fringed island in the South Pacific.
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