CDC recommends that children get four doses of polio vaccine. They should get one dose at each of the following ages: 2 months old, 4 months old, 6 through 18 months old, and 4 through 6 years old.
Children in the United States should get inactivated polio vaccine IPV to protect against polio, or poliomyelitis. They should get four doses total, with one dose at each of the following ages:. Children who will be traveling to a country where the risk of getting polio is greater external icon should complete the series before leaving for their trip.
If a child cannot complete the routine series before leaving, an accelerated schedule is recommended as follows:. If the accelerated schedule cannot be completed before leaving, the remaining doses should be given in the affected country, or upon returning home, at the intervals recommended in the accelerated schedule. In addition, children completing the accelerated schedule should still receive a dose of IPV at 4 years old or older, as long as it has been at least 6 months after the last dose.
Most adults do not need polio vaccine because they were already vaccinated as children. But three groups of adults are at higher risk and should consider polio vaccination in the following situations:. Adults in these three groups who have never been vaccinated against polio should get 3 doses of IPV:. Adults in these three groups who have had 1 or 2 doses of polio vaccine in the past should get the remaining 1 or 2 doses. Cuts on the foreskin of penis What is the normal range of pus cells in the urine of children?
What does ASO mean and why is it high? Read More ». Trending Diseases. All rights reserved. Listen to the latest songs , only on JioSaavn. Oral poliovirus vaccines OPV are the predominant vaccine used in the fight to eradicate polio. There are different types of oral poliovirus vaccine, which may contain one, a combination of two, or all three different serotypes of attenuated vaccine. Each has their own advantages and disadvantages over the others.
The attenuated poliovirus es contained in OPV are able to replicate effectively in the intestine, but around 10, times less able to enter the central nervous system than the wild virus.
This enables individuals to mount an immune response against the virus. Virtually all countries which have eradicated polio used OPV to interrupt person to person transmission of the virus. It was not available at the time of the founding of GPEI in Monovalent oral polio vaccines confer immunity to just one of the three serotypes of OPV. They are more successful in conferring immunity to the serotype targeted than tOPV, but do not provide protection to the other two types. They elicit the best immune response against the serotype they target of all the vaccines.
Read more. Following April , the trivalent oral poliovirus vaccine was replaced with the bivalent oral poliovirus vaccine bOPV in routine immunization around the world. Studies included 16 randomised trials with infants, one additional study followed infants over time and another four were nationwide studies. We assessed the included evidence for how certain we are that the effects are true and would not be altered with the addition of more evidence.
In general, the certainty of the evidence was judged to be low to moderate but it was very low for some outcomes. However, it may worsen mucosal immunity for some types of polio.
IPV-OPV compared to IPV may make little or no difference on serious adverse events, probably makes little or no difference in the number of persons with protective humoral immunity, may increase neutralising antibodies and probably improves intestinal mucosal immunity of vaccinated people.
It could be a more affordable option to IPV during the final stages of polio eradication, hence reducing inequities between countries. Compared to IPV-only schedules, IPV-OPV may have little or no difference on SAEs, probably has little or no effect on persons with protective humoral response, may increase neutralising antibodies, and probably reduces faecal excretion after OPV challenge of certain polio serotypes. Findings could help decision-makers to optimise polio vaccination policies, reducing inequities between countries.
Poliomyelitis mainly affects unvaccinated children under five years of age, causing irreversible paralysis or even death.
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